Cancer awareness and prevention

This page is for the public, families and carers, and health and social care professionals who want to learn more about reducing cancer risk and recognising the early signs of cancer.

Cancer is a group of diseases where abnormal cells grow and divide in an uncontrolled way. These cells can invade nearby tissues and spread (metastasise) to other parts of the body.

There are over 200 different types of cancer, each with its own risk factors, symptoms, and treatments.

According to the Northern Ireland Cancer Registry, around 10,000 people are diagnosed with cancer each year in Northern Ireland. Recognising possible signs and symptoms and seeking medical advice promptly can lead to earlier diagnosis, helping improve treatment outcomes.

You can help reduce the risk by:

• not smoking 
• eating healthy and balanced diet 
• being physically active
• maintaining healthy weight
• limiting alcohol 
• protecting your skin from the sun [hyperlink to sun cancer prevention page]
• attending cancer screening when invited

Up to 40% of cancers are preventable. Small changes today can protect your future health.

If you notice any unusual or persistent changes in your body, don't ignore them.

Speak to your GP if you experience symptoms that are unusual for you and won't go away. Early diagnosis can save lives.

Cancer screening can detect some cancers before symptoms develop or identify changes that may become cancer if left untreated. In Northern Ireland, eligible people may be invited for breast screening, bowel cancer screening and cervical screening.  

The PHA works with Health and Social Care Trusts, organisations, community partners and cancer charities across Northern Ireland to:

• raise awareness of cancer signs and symptoms through delivery of Be Cancer Aware campaign
• promote healthier lifestyle to help reduce cancer risk
• support cancer screening programmes
• provide trusted information and resources to help make informed decisions

Support within the Health and Social Care Northern Ireland (HSC NI) 

• Speak to you GP & pharmacy services
• Screening programmes
• Cancer care services
• Access local support services 
• Reach out for emotional and practical support
• Cancer charities and other cancer related organisations 

Supporting yourself and others

Cancer affects not just individuals but families and communities. You can help by:

• Encouraging loved ones to attend screening
• Supporting healthy lifestyle changes
• Talking openly about symptoms and concerns