Meningococcal disease

Meningococcal disease is caused by the type of bacteria called Neisseria meningitidis (also known as meningococcus). This bacteria can live in the nose and throat of healthy people without causing illness.

It spreads through:

• Coughing and sneezing (aerosol or droplet spread)
• Close contact (such us kissing or sharing a drink)

At any time, up to 1 in 10 adults may carry the bacteria without knowing it or feeling sick.

Types of Meningococcal disease

There are five main types (called serotypes) that can cause illness in people: A, B, C, W, and Y.

• Meningitis (infection of the lining of the brain and spinal cord)
• Septicaemia (blood poisoning)

These conditions are common in the winter months, and people at highest risk include young children and teenagers.

Protection and vaccination

A vaccine against Meningococcal B (MenB) is available. It also offers some protection against gonorrhoea.

• Learn more in a guide to the Meningococcal B vaccine for protection against gonorrhoea | HSC Public Health Agency 

More information 

• For detailed information on Meningococcal Disease in the UK, visit the U please visit UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) site.

• For information specific in to Northern Ireland:
  Most recent calendar year surveillance tables.
  Most recent Epidemiological year surveillance tables.
  Annual immunisation and vaccine preventable diseases reports.